Modern+Living+4

Modern Living of The 1920's  The 1920’s was a period for hope, prosperity and new beginnings. Modern Living was a big part of the new lifestyles and beginnings. Cars and highways were being developed to be better and cheaper; airplanes were transformed to be used on a commercial basis, people moved to cities and areas became urbanized but everyone wanted to be with the new styles. People wanted to be part of the new change beginning. URBANIZATION- The George Washington Bridge: George   A new way of transportation was going over a bridge by car. One bridge was the George Washington Bridge, honoring the nation’s first president. With a center span of 3,500 feet, it set the world record for the longest bridge at the time. The total cost was $59 million, and took four years to complete. The building phase took place from October 1927 until October 1931. The bridge connects upper Manhattan to Fort Lee, New Jersey. Today, the bridge is the fourth longest in the USA, and the 13th longest in the world. It is held up with four cables, 36 inches in diameter. There is a total of 26,474 wires on the bridge.

Works cited:

Gaff, Jackie. //20th Century Design//. Milwaukee, Wisconsin: Gareth Stevens Publishing, 2000. [] [] Quirk, William H. "George Washington Bridge." //Encyclopedia Americana.// Grolier Online, 2011. Web. 10 Mar. 2011.

Vocab-

George Washington Bridge: New bridge from Manhattan to New Jersey Car- A new type of vehicle that people could but George Washinton- The nation's first president

Links- [] [] []


 * Urbanization-** Empire State Building & Chrysler Building - Rob K

The 1920s were a period of prosperity and expansion of American culture. As a whole, America was becoming less dependent on their agricultural economy and relying more on factories and manufacturing. In the 1920s, American became an urbanized nation. During this transformation many architectural feats were built including both the Chrysler Building and the Empire State Building. For a time in history, each of these skyscrapers was the tallest buildings on the planet. Standing at 1,048 feet tall, the Chrysler building was home to the office of Chrysler, yet it wasn’t their company headquarters. It stood as the tallest building in the world for a few months until it was trumped by the 1,250 foot tall Empire State building which was expanded in 1950 with TV antennas, making it 1,472 feet tall. The Chrysler Building was designed by architect William Van Alen and is known for its famous Art Deco design. The building is marked with a wide strip of decoration and colossal stainless steel gargoyles symbolizing two car hood ornaments. It’s crowned with stainless steel arched forms that turn into a sharp needle point. Moving over to the Empire State Building, it stood as the world’s tallest skyscraper for a 40 year period from 1931-1971. It was also New York City’s tallest building for a brief time period after the World Trade Center was destroyed during 9/11. The Empire State Building opened during the Great Depression. The upkeep was funded by the sightseers who came to observation deck to observe the gorgeous view. The architecture was designed by the firm of Shreve, Lamb, and Harmon with a cost of $41 million for construction. It was built from limestone and steel. The most distinctive architectural characteristic is the shimmering façade composed of a chrome-nickel-steel alloy and a monumental foyer. The 1920s brought great architectural feats to American culture. Works Cited:

"Chrysler Building." //Grolier Multimedia Encyclopedia.// Grolier Online, 2011. Web. 10 Mar. 2011. Gaff, Jackie. //20th Century Design: 20s & 30s Between the Wars//. Milwuakee: Gareth Stevens Publishing, 2000. 11. Print.

Neil, J. Meredith. "Empire State Building." //Grolier Multimedia Encyclopedia.// Grolier Online, 2011. Web. 10 Mar. 2011. ﻿ Pictures: [] [] ﻿ Vocab: ﻿ Prosperity- Having great wealth. ﻿ Agriculture- Having to do with farming ﻿ Architect- A person who designs buildings

__Aviation __ Aviation was a great addition to the 1920’s. A plane in the 1920’s were better built, could fly longer distances, and were capable of passenger and cargo flights. They developed from wood and canvas to full metal. The first plane carrying passengers contained 12 passengers and 1 stewardess (which was a nurse for airsick passengers). By 1930 there were 43 airliner companies and they flew 385,000 people a year, and routes over 30,000 miles. The world of aviation was filled with famous pilots and engineers. Two American mechanics, **Orville and Wilbur Wrigh**t, became the first men to put a plane in flight, and they made a big step into history. As the 20’s and early 30’s approached, famous records and events occurred. **Amelia Earhart** was the first person to fly from New York to Los Angeles, and back. On one of her flights, her map flew out of the cockpit. She landed her plane on a main road and bought a new one. Another similar pilot, **Charles Lindbergh**, made the first transatlantic flight. It was these people that made jump starts and new beginnings possible in aviation.

__<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Vocabulary: __

**__<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">Charles Lindbergh: __**<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">First person to make a transatlantic flight **__<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">Amelia Earhart: __**<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">First person to fly from New York to Los Angeles and back. She died on her around the world flight in 1937 **__<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">Orville Wright: __**<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">Brother who created the first airplane to take of the ground for 12 seconds **__<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">Wilbur Wright: __**<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';"> Brother who created the first airplane to take of the ground for 12 seconds Links: [] **__<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif';">Citation: __** __ Database __ 1. Edelen, Annamarie. "aviation, 1903–1934." In Faue, Elizabeth, and Gary B. Nash, eds. //Encyclopedia of American History: The Emergence of Modern America, 1900 to 1928//, Revised Edition (Volume VII). New York: Facts On File, Inc., 2010. //American History Online//. Facts On File, Inc. http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp? ItemID=WE52&iPin=EAHVII022&SingleRecord=True (accessed March 10, 2011). __ Book __ 2. Hanson, Erica. //The 1920's//. A cultural History of the United States. San Diego: Lucent Books Inc., 1999. 75-80. Print. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Picture 1: <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Picture 2:

**<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Fads and Crazes ** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; text-indent: 0.5in;">Matt <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; text-indent: 0.5in;">During the 1920’s fads and crazes took part throughout the country. One of the more popular crazes of the 1920,s was jazz. The 1920’s was also known as the **Jazz Age**. Jazz was a mixture of African rhythms, ragtime and the blues. Jazz caught on quickly and the number of people that listened to it increased rapidly. Young people wanted to dance to jazz’s lively beat. The people of the 1920’s thought jazz captured the carefree spirit that they had. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Another fad of the 1920’s was expressed through the clothing people, and in particular women wore. Before the 1920’s women wore long dresses, broad brimmed and long gowns. Now the women of the 1920’s wore short skirts, bobbed their hair and wore excessive amount of makeup. These fads gave women the idea that it was okay to break away from tradition and live life on their own terms. The **flappers** embodied the many fads and crazes that existed during the 1920’s. They were attractive, reckless and independent and this style of living appealed to many women at the time. **Mass Media** was a way that the new fads and crazes spread. This was because Mass media reached large audiences. The crazes and fads of the 1920’s were ones that everyone wanted to take part in because they represented something new and different and a type of enthusiasm that hadn’t been felt since before WWI. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; height: 191.25pt; line-height: 115%; visibility: visible; width: 154.5pt;">

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Links <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">[] <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">[] <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">[] [] __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">[] __ __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Worked Cited __

// Dallek, Robert, ed. American History Littell, McDougal ed. New York // // McDougal Littell, 2008. Print. // // Garcia, Jesus, ed. Creating America Littell, McDougal ed. Boston // // McDougal Littell, 2003. Print // __ Vocab __ ** Flapper ** ** Jazz Age ** ** Mass Media **

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">Edwin **__<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Cars __** <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; text-indent: 0.5in;">The 1920s brought a form of new transportation that is an essential part of modern life today. Cars. The main manufacturer of cars in the 1920s was Henry Ford.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Henry Ford was born on July 30, 1863. From very young, he always enjoyed tinkering with things. By 1896, Ford had constructed his first horseless carriage which he sold in order to finance work on an improved model. In the 1890s, Ford started experimenting with internal combustion engines. He then built his first automobile in 1896. Then he manufactured the Model T and by 1903, he had already sold over 30,000 Model Ts. <span style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Ford also wanted a car that everyone could afford, not just the rich people. He adopted the assembly line. Instead of hiring a few people to come and build the car, the car would come to the people. Each person down the line would know how to build one part of the car, until the car was finished. More jobs were made, more cars were produced, and affordable cars were born. Along with installment buying, almost everyone owned a car in the 1920s. Ford went on to making Model As, Lincolns, Mustangs (in 1964) and foreign cars like Volvos (Sweden) and <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Jaguars, Astin Martins, Rovers (from Britain) in the 1990s.

<span style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 12.75pt; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">**__Highways__** <span style="color: #333333; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">Toward the end of the 19th century, the federal government financed many improvements for internal harbors and rivers, but not for roads. That policy changed in 1916 when Congress passed legislation to improve the roads in the United States. The legislation provided funding for states to plan, construct, and maintain the <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt;">highways. By 1920, many of the major roads in the United States had been improved. **__<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Vocabulary: __** __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Henry Ford __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">. __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Model T __ __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Assembly Line __

__<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Works sited: __ Gordon, Robert. "Ford, Henry." In Faue, Elizabeth, and Gary B. Nash, eds. //Encyclopedia of American History: The Emergence of Modern America, 1900 to 1928//, Revised Edition (Volume VII). New York: Facts On File, Inc., 2010. //American History Online//. Facts On File, Inc. http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp? ItemID=WE52&iPin=EAHVII086&SingleRecord=True (accessed March 9, 2011).

Geisst, Charles. "Ford Motor Company." In Geisst, Charles, ed. //Encyclopedia of American Business History//. New York: Facts On File, Inc., 2006. //American History Online//. Facts On File, Inc. http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp? ItemID=WE52&iPin=EABH0116&SingleRecord=True (accessed March 11, 2011). Cayton, Perry. //America: Pathways to the Present//. Needham, MA: Prentice Hall, 2003. Print. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">"Improved Roads in the United States." //American History Online//. Facts On File, Inc. http://www.fofweb.com/activelink2.asp? <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">ItemID=WE52&iPin=AMHC4124&SingleRecord=True (accessed March 11, 2011 __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Picture Sites: __ <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">http://www.nndb.com/people/294/000027213/henry-ford.gif <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">[] <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">http://thecityfix.com/files/2007/05/highways.jpg